Umthombo: Icandelo loMphathiswa Wezendalo kunye neNgqongileyo, Ingxelo yaManzi yaseChina, iWebhu yeSigcawu yeWebhu 2021-04-08
Ngokuhambelana neMiqathango eseMbindini yoMsebenzi wabaHloli boKhuselo lweNdalo neNdalo, umjikelo wesibini webhetshi yesithathu yabahloli bezendalo kunye nokhuselo lokusingqongileyo yaphehlelelwa ngemvume yeKomiti ePhakathi yeQela kunye neBhunga likaRhulumente. icwangciselwe ukhuseleko lwendalo kunye nokusingqongileyo eShanxi, Liaoning, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Guangxi nase Yunnan nakumaphondo azimeleyo kangangenyanga.
Amashishini okuzila kufuneka enze njani umsebenzi olungileyo?
Ukusukela ngo-Epreli 1 ukuya ku-Epreli 4, i-Tangshan Bureau ye-ecology kunye nokusingqongileyo yanika ingxelo yamatyala angama-48 okophula umthetho kwimo engqongileyo, ngesohlwayo semali esiyi-19.2 yezigidi ze-yuan, ke ngoko, urhulumente wokukhusela ukuthotyelwa komthetho uqinile, njengeshishini, njani ukujongana nokuhlolwa kwendalo?
Inxalenye yenkcazo inokufumaneka kwisohlwayo sikaTangshan:
1. Ukuveliswa kwempendulo yesibini engxamisekileyo yemozulu engcolileyo enzima akuphunyezwa
2. Urhwaphilizo lwedatha yokubeka iliso kwi-intanethi
3. Akukho kucutha kuququzelelweyo kumasifundisane
4. Ukusilela ukumisela incwadi efanelekileyo yolawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo kwaye siyirekhode ngokwenyani
5. Ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwezixhobo zokubeka esweni i-intanethi akuqinisekiswanga
6. Ukukhupha ngqo
7. Imeko yangoku ayihambelani nokubhaliswa kwepemethe yokukhutshwa okungcolileyo
Ukushwankathela, kukuba: ukumiliselwa kolawulo lokusingqongileyo; Ukuphumeza ulawulo longcoliseko; Akukho buxoki.
Isicwangciso sokulwa
I. Ukuthobela okusingqongileyo
* Nokuba iyahambelana nomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe wezemveliso kunye neemeko zokufikelela kushishino lwasekhaya, kwaye iyahlangabezana neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zokupheliswa kwesakhono semveliso ebuyela umva;
* Nokuba ufake isicelo sepemethe yokungcolisa ukungcola ngokungqinelana nomthetho kunye nokukhupha izinto ezingcolisayo ngokomxholo wephepha-mvume;
* Nokuba ngaba iinkqubo zokhuselo lokusingqongileyo zigqityiwe;
* Nokuba iprojekthi yokwakha yeshishini iziphumezile iinkqubo ze-EIA kwaye "zintathu ngaxeshanye" ngokuhambelana nomthetho;
* Nokuba ngaba amaxwebhu e-EIA kunye nokuvunywa kwe-EIA kugqityiwe;
* Nokuba iimeko zeli shishini ziyahambelana nemixholo yamaxwebhu e-EIA: jolisa ekuqwalaseleni ukuba ngaba uhlobo lweprojekthi, isikali semveliso, indawo, ubuchwephesha bemveliso obamkelweyo, amaziko olawulo longcoliseko, njl. amaxwebhu;
* Ukuba iprojekthi iqala ukwakhiwa emva kweminyaka emi-5 emva kokuvunywa kwe-EIA, nokuba ingaphinde ingeniswe ukuze ivume i-EIA.
Okwesibini, iinkqubo zokwamkelwa kwendalo
Ukwamkelwa kokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ukugqitywa kweeprojekthi zolwakhiwo ikakhulu kukujonga nokwamkela ukuphunyezwa kothintelo longcoliseko kunye nolawulo olucetywayo kumaxwebhu e-EIA kunye nolwamkelo, ke ngoko, kwezinye iiprojekthi zolwakhiwo (ezinje ngeeprojekhthi zolwakhiwo lwendalo), ukuba i-EIA amaxwebhu kunye nolwamkelo aludingi ukwakhiwa koncedo oluqinileyo lokuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nolawulo (ngaphandle kwamancedo ethutyana ngexesha lokwakha), akukho sidingo sokwenza ukugqitywa kokuthintela ukungcola kwenkunkuma kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo zokwamkelwa kokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Icandelo liya kunika inkcazo ehambelanayo kwingxelo yokwamkelwa kovavanyo lokuzimela oluzimeleyo.
Ukwamkelwa kwamaziko okhuselo lokusingqongileyo okungcolisa amanzi negesi
Izixhobo zokhuselo lokusingqongileyo zamanzi nomoya ongcolisa umoya phantsi kweeprojekthi zokwakha ziya kujongwa kwaye zamkelwe ziiyunithi zokwakha ngokwazo.
Ukwamkelwa kothintelo longcoliseko lwengxolo kunye nolawulo:
Phambi kokuba iprojekthi yokwakha iqaliswe okanye isetyenziswe, izixhobo zayo zokuthintela nokulawula ukungcoliseka kwengxolo kokusingqongileyo kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zamkelwe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho kunye neenkqubo ezimiselwe nguRhulumente; Ukuba iyasilela ekufezekiseni iimfuno ezimiselwe nguRhulumente , iprojekthi yokwakha ayinakubekwa kwimveliso okanye isetyenziswe.
Ngokwenqaku lama-48 loMthetho weRiphabliki yaBantu baseTshayina ngoThintelo kunye noLawulo loNgcoliseko loMsindo lokusiNgqongileyo (olwenziwe izilungiso ngowama-2018): Apho, ngokuchasene nezibonelelo zeNqaku le-14 lalo Mthetho, iprojekthi yokwakha yenziwa kwimveliso okanye Sebenzisa ngaphandle kokugqitywa kwezixhobo zokuxhasa ukuthintela kunye nokulawula ukungcoliseka kwengxolo yokusingqongileyo okanye ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezimiselwe nguRhulumente, isebe elinobuchule lendalo esingqongileyo okanye ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lesithili liya kuyala ukuba lenze izilungiso ngaphakathi kwexesha elimiselweyo, kwaye linyanzelise isohlwayo kwiyunithi okanye umntu ngamnye; Ukuba ungcoliseko oluphambili lwendalo okanye umonakalo wendalo ubangelwe, uya kuyalelwa ukuba ayeke ukuveliswa okanye ukusetyenziswa, okanye, xa athe wamkelwa ngurhulumente wabantu ngemvume yamandla, ukuba avale.
Ukwamkelwa kwamaziko othintelo longcoliseko lwenkunkuma kunye nolawulo:
Nge-29 ka-Epreli 2020, umthetho weRiphabhlikhi yaseTshayina yothintelo nolawulo longcoliseko lwendalo yinkunkuma eqinileyo uhlaziyo lwesibini (luya kwenziwa ngo-Septemba 1, 2020), iiprojekthi zokwakha kufuneka zenze iseti epheleleyo izixhobo zokuthintela ukungcola kwenkunkuma, emva kokugqitywa kwazo zonke iimfuno ngokuzimeleyo yiyunithi yokwakha ukwenza ulwamkelo lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, akusekho mfuneko yokwenza isicelo kwisebe lolawulo lokwamkelwa kokukhuselwa kwendalo.
Ukuzihlola, ukulungiswa kunye nonyango olunxulumene nokukhupha igesi
Jonga inqanaba lokusebenza, ukusebenza kwembali, amandla okuphatha kunye nomthamo wendawo yokucoca igesi.
1, zeemoto uhlolo igesi
* Jonga ukuba inkqubo yonyango ye-inkunkuma eqhubekayo isengqiqweni.
* Jonga iinkqubo zophicotho-zincwadi kunye nezalathi zentsebenzo yezixhobo zokutsha kwebhoyila, jonga imeko ebalekayo yezixhobo zokutsha, jonga ulawulo lwesalfure dioxide, jonga ulawulo lwee-nitrogen oxides.
* Jonga inkqubo yenkunkuma, uthuli kunye nemithombo yevumba;
* Jonga ukuba ukukhupha irhasi, uthuli kunye nokukhutshwa kwevumba kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zemigangatho yokukhutshwa okungcolileyo;
* Jonga ukubuyiselwa nokusetyenziswa kwegesi enokutsha;
* Jonga amanyathelo okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kwezothutho, ekulayisheni, ekothuleni nasekugcinweni kweegesi eziyityhefu eziyingozi nothuli.
2. Ukuthintela ukungcoliseka komoya kunye neendawo zolawulo
* Ukususwa kothuli, ukungafuneki, ukungcola, enye inkqubo engcolisayo yokucoca;
* Ukukhupha igesi;
* Qwalasela ukuba ingaba bangcolisi bakhele ucoceko olutsha kwiindawo apho izinto ezintsha ezingafunekiyo zingavumelekanga;
* Jonga ukuba ukuphakama kwesilinda seemoto kuyazifezekisa na iimfuno zelizwe okanye zelizwe imigangatho yokungcola;
* Jonga ukuba ngaba kukho imingxunya yokujonga isampulu kunye neqonga lokujonga isampulu kumbhobho wegesi
* Jonga ukuba ngaba isikhululo seemoto simiselwe ngokweemfuno (ukuphakama, izibuko lesampulu, ipleyiti yokumakisha, njl. Njl.), Nokuba irhasi efunekayo yokukhupha ifakiwe kwaye isetyenziselwe ukubekwa kweliso kwi-intanethi ngokwecandelo lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo.
3. Imithombo yokungcola engacwangciswanga
* Kwiindawo zokungcoliswa okungafunekiyo zegesi eyityhefu neyingozi, uthuli kunye nomsi, ukuba iimeko zivumela ukukhutshwa okulungelelanisiweyo, jonga ukuba ngaba iyunithi ekhupha ukungcola ikwenzile ukulungiswa kunye nokuphumeza ukukhutshwa okucwangcisiweyo;
* Jonga uthuli olukwiyadi yamalahle, eyadini yezinto, iimpahla kunye nothuli kwinkqubo yokwakha, nokuba ngaba amanyathelo okuthintela ungcoliseko lothuli athathiwe okanye izixhobo zokuthintela uthuli zimiselwe njengoko kufuneka;
* Ukuqhuba ukubekwa kweliso kwimida yeshishini ukukhangela ukuba izinto ezikhutshwayo ezingalungelelaniswanga ziyahambelana nemigangatho efanelekileyo yokusingqongileyo.
4. Ukuqokelelwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma kunye nokuthuthwa
Ukuqokelelwa kwerhasi yenkunkuma kufuneka kulandele umgaqo "wokuqokelela konke okufumanekayo kwaye uqokelele ngokomgangatho". Inkqubo yokuqokelela irhasi yokukhupha kufuneka yenziwe ngokukuko ngokweepropathi zerhasi, inqanaba lokuhamba kunye neminye imiba yokuqinisekisa umphumo wokuqokelela irhasi.
* Ukuvalwa, ukubekwa wedwa kunye nokusebenza kakubi koxinzelelo kufuneka kuthathwe izixhobo ezivelisa uthuli oluphumayo okanye iigesi eziyingozi.
* Irhasi yenkunkuma kufuneka iqokelelwe yinkqubo yokuqokelela irhasi yezixhobo zemveliso ngokwayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa igesi ebalekayo iqokelelwa kukuqokelelwa kwerhasi (uthuli), kufuneka ijikelezwe okanye isondele kumthombo wongcoliseko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa uluhlu lokutsala kunye nokwenza lula ukubanjwa kunye nolawulo lwezingcolisi.
* Irhasi yenkunkuma eveliswa yinkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi amdaka kunye neiyunithi zoncedo (itanki yoqobo, itanki yokulawula, itanki ye-anaerobic, itanki yomoya, itanki lendle, njl.) Kufuneka iqokelelwe ingangeni moya, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okunyanga nokukhupha.
• Inkunkuma eqinileyo (inkunkuma eyingozi) yokugcina izinto ezinezinto eziphilayo okanye ivumba elicacileyo kufuneka ivaliwe, kwaye irhasi yenkunkuma kufuneka iqokelelwe kwaye inyangwe kwaye ikhutshwe.
* Irhasi engcolisayo eqokelelwa yingqokelela yegesi (uthuli) ikhava kufuneka ihanjiswe kwisixhobo sokuhlanjululwa ngemibhobho.Ukubekwa kweepayipi kufuneka kudityaniswe netekhnoloji yokuvelisa, kwaye uzame ukuba lula, ukuhambelana, umbhobho omfutshane, indawo encinci.
5. Ulawulo lwegesi yenkunkuma
* Amashishini emveliso kufuneka akhethe inkqubo yenkqubo yokunyanga irhasi evuthiweyo nethembekileyo emva kohlalutyo olubanzi lwexabiso lemveliso yegesi yokukhupha, ukwakheka kunye nohlobo lokungcola, iqondo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, njl.
* Ukunyibilikisa inkukuma yenkunkuma ephezulu, ukujija (cryogenic) itekhnoloji yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye noxinzelelo kwitekhnoloji yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kufuneka yamkelwe ukuze iphinde isetyenziswe kwaye isebenzise iikhompawundi zerhasi yenkunkuma, kwaye ke ezinye iitekhnoloji zonyango kufuneka zisetyenziselwe ukufezekisa imigangatho yokukhutshwa.
* Ukufumana inkunkuma yegesi yenkunkuma ephakathi, iteknoloji ye-adsorption kufuneka yamkelwe ukubuyisa izinyibilikisi okanye itekhnoloji yokutshisa emva kokuhlanjululwa, ukukhutshwa kwemigangatho.
* Ukufumana inkunkuma ephantsi yenkunkuma, xa kukho ixabiso lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kufuneka kusetyenziswe itekhnoloji ye-adsorption; Xa kungekhoxabiso lokuphinda ubuye, itekhnoloji yokutsha komlilo wobushushu, itekhnoloji yokuhlaziya ukutshisa okutsha, itekhnoloji yokuhlanjululwa kwebhayiloji okanye itekhnoloji yeplasma kufuneka yamkelwe.
* Irhasi yevumba inokucocwa ngetekhnoloji ye-microbial yokuhlanjululwa kwetekhnoloji, itekhnoloji yobushushu obusezantsi, itekhnoloji yokutshisa ubushushu, njl njl.Ngemva kokuhlanjululwa, inokukhutshelwa kumgangatho, kwaye ayizukuchaphazela iithagethi zokhuselo ezibuthathaka ezingqongileyo. .
* Ngokomgaqo, amashishini amachiza aneemveliso eziqhubekekayo kufuneka ziphinde zisetyenziswe okanye zitshise igesi yenkunkuma enokutsha, ngelixa amashishini amachiza anemveliso ethunyelwayo kufuneka athathe ukutshisa, ukuthengisa okanye inkqubo yokudibanisa.
* Uthuli inkunkuma irhasi kufuneka ziphathwe ngokudibanisa ingxowa ukususwa uthuli, ukususwa uthuli electrostatic okanye ingxowa uthuli ukususwa njengoko ezingundoqo. Boilers mveliso kunye amaziko zorhwebo zinika kuqala kumandla acocekileyo kunye nenkqubo zokuhlanjululwa kakuhle, kwaye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokunciphisa ungcoliseko ezingcolisa ezinkulu .
* Ukuphucula iqondo lokuzenzekelayo lokucoca unyango lwenkunkuma. Izixhobo zonyango zingasebenzisa isixhobo sokulawula isixhobo esizenzekelayo, isixhobo sokulawula i-pH ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nesixhobo sokulawula i-ORP, itanki yedosi ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo se-alamu yenqanaba lolwelo, imowudi yedosi kufuneka ibe ngumthamo ozenzekelayo.
* Ukuphakama kwesilinda seemoto kufuneka kubekwe ngokweemfuno zemigaqo.Ukuphakama kwesilinda sokukhupha akukho ngaphantsi kweemitha ezili-15, i-hydrogen cyanide, i-chlorine, i-phosgene yokukhupha ubude be-cylinder ayikho ngaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-25. unyango lwesiphelo luya kubonelelwa ngezibuko lesampulu kunye nezixhobo zokwenza isampulu ngokulula. Ukulawula ngokungqongqo inani leesilinda zokukhupha ishishini, iisilinda zegesi ezikhuphayo ezifanayo kufuneka zidityaniswe.
IV. Izixhobo zokuzihlola, ukulungiswa kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka
1, uhlolo lwezixhobo zogutyulo
* Ubume bokusebenza, inqanaba lokusebenza kwangaphambili, amandla onyango kunye nenani lokucocwa kwamanzi, ulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi amdaka, isiphumo sonyango, unyango lwedaka kunye nokulahlwa kwezixhobo zokucoca ilindle.
* Enoba ileja yenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka (ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwexesha lokucocwa kwelindle, ukungena nokuhamba kwamanzi angcolileyo imihla ngemihla, ubulunga bamanzi, iirekhodi zokulondolozwa kunye nokugcinwa kwazo) kumiselwe.
* Qwalasela ukuba ingaba izibonelelo zokulahla likaxakeka zamashishini okukhutshwa kwelindle zigqityiwe, nokuba zingaqinisekisa na ukungenwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka avela kwimeko yengozi yongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
2, ukuhlolwa kokukhutshwa kwelindle
* Qwalasela ukuba ngaba indawo ekuthengiswa kuyo amanzi amdaka iyahambelana nemimiselo, jonga ukuba ingaba inani leendawo zogutyulo zabangcolisi ziyangqinelana nemimiselo efanelekileyo, jonga ukuba ngaba iingongoma zokubeka iliso zisetwe ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo yokukhutshwa kokungcola, kwaye ujonge ukuba Icandelo lokulinganisa lomgangatho lisetelwe ukulungiselela umlinganiso wokuhamba kunye nesantya.
* Nokuba indawo ephambili yogutyulo ixhotyiswe ngeempawu zokhuselo lokusingqongileyo Setha kumatshini wokubeka iliso kunye nokubeka iliso njengoko kufuneka.
3, ukufuduswa, ukuhlolwa komgangatho wamanzi
* Jonga ukusebenza kweerekhodi ukuba ngaba kukho iimitha zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso kungcoliseko;
* Qwalasela umgangatho wobumdaka obukhutshiweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wokukhupha ungcoliseko lukazwelonke okanye lwasekhaya.
* Jonga iimodeli kunye nokubalulwa kwezixhobo zokubeka esweni, iimitha kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwazo kunye nokulinganisa.
* Jonga iindlela zovavanyo lokubeka iliso kunye neerekhodi zokujonga umgangatho wamanzi asetyenzisiweyo Ukujonga esizeni okanye ukwenza isampulu kunokwenziwa xa kukho imfuneko.
* Qwalasela amanzi emvula kunye nogutyulo lwelindle, kwaye ujonge ukuba ingaba iyunithi ekhupha ukungcola iyayisebenzisa na imvula kunye nokuphambukiswa kwelindle.
4, ukuphunyezwa kwemvula kunye nokuphambukiswa kongcoliseko
* Cwangcisa itanki yokuqala yokuqokelela amanzi emvula ngokweenkcukacha, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zevolumu yemvula yokuqala;
* Amatanki okuqokelelwa kwamanzi amdaka amiliselwa koomasifundisane namanzi amdaka, kwaye ilindle eliqokelelweyo limpontshelwa kumaziko afanelekileyo okucoca amanzi amdaka ngemibhobho evaliweyo;
* Amanzi apholisayo asetyenziswa kwakhona ngemibhobho evaliweyo;
* Imijelo evulekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuqokelela amanzi emvula Yonke imisele kunye namachibi akhiwe ngokugalela ikhonkrithi, ngamanyathelo okuthintela ukopha okanye amanyathelo okulwa umhlwa.
5. Ukulahlwa kwemveliso yamanzi amdaka kunye nemvula yokuqala
* Amashishini aphatha nokukhupha amanzi amdaka ngokwawo aya kuseka izixhobo zokucoca amanzi amdaka ezihambelana namandla emveliso kunye neentlobo ezingcolisayo. Izixhobo zokucoca amanzi amdaka ziya kusebenza ngokwesiqhelo kwaye zikwazi ukukhupha ngokuzinzileyo ukuya kumgangatho;
* Amashishini athabatha amanzi amdaka aya kuseka izixhobo zokunyanga kwangaphambili ezihambelana namandla emveliso kunye neentlobo zezingcolisi. Izixhobo zangaphambi kokuqhuba zisebenza ngesiqhelo kwaye zinokuhlangabezana nomgangatho wokuthatha ungazinzanga;
* Amashishini aphathiswe ukucoceka kwamanzi amdaka kufuneka atyikitye isivumelwano kunye neeyunithi ezifanelekileyo, ukuvunywa ngokupheleleyo kunye neenkqubo zokudlulisa, kunye nokuseta iakhawunti yokulahla.
* Amashishini abakulungeleyo ukuthatha ilindle kufuneka bathathe indawo yokucoca ilindle kunyango lwasekhaya
6. Useto lweplagi yokukhutshwa
* Ngokomgaqo, ishishini ngalinye livunyelwe kuphela ukumisela indawo enye yogutyulo kunye nendawo enye yamanzi emvula, kunye nokuseta iisampulu zokujonga imithombo kunye neempawu.
* Iindawo ekukhutshwa kuzo amanzi amdaka kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zolungiso olusemgangathweni, ukuze kufezekiswe "into enye ebonakalayo, ezimbini ezifanelekileyo, ezintathu ezifanelekileyo", oko kukuthi, amanqaku okhuselo lokusingqongileyo acacile, ukusetwa kwelindle kusengqiqweni, ulwalathiso lokukhutshwa kwelindle lusengqiqweni, kulula ukuqokelela iisampulu, kulula ukubeka iliso kunye nokulinganisa, kulula ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu kunye nokujonga kunye nokuphatha;
* Iiyunithi ezihlangabezana neemfuno zeCandelo lesi-4 laManyathelo eThutyana okuGada nokuLawulwa kweNkqubo yokuZenzekelayo yokuJonga iMithombo yoNgcoliseko kwiMizi-mveliso kwiPhondo laseJiangsu kufuneka zifakele izixhobo zokubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze zikhuphe ukungcola okukhulu njengoko kufuneka, kunye nokunxibelelana neziko lokubeka iliso. IQumrhu loKhuseleko lwezeNdalo.
* Imijelo evulekileyo rhoqo kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukukhupha amanzi emvula, kwaye kufuneka kufakelwe izivalo zexesha likaxakeka.
1. Ukufumana izinto ezine zokuthotyelwa kwenkunkuma eyingozi
Isicwangciso solawulo lwenkunkuma esiyingozi: ishishini liya kuqulunqa isicwangciso solawulo lwenkunkuma esiyingozi ngokwesicwangciso semveliso kunye neempawu zemveliso kunye nenkunkuma, sikhokele ukulawulwa kwenkunkuma eyingozi unyaka wonke kwaye siyingenise kwiziko lolondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo ukuze lifayilishwe.
Isicwangciso sokudluliselwa kwenkunkuma esiyingozi: lungiselela isicwangciso sokudluliswa kwenkunkuma ngokweemfuno zesebe lolawulo lwengingqi.
Impinda yokuhambisa inkunkuma eyingozi: gcwalisa ikopi leyo ngokweemfuno kunye nokubalulwa.
Incwadi yolawulo lwenkunkuma enobungozi: ngenene gcwalisa yonke inkqubo yolwazi malunga nokuveliswa, ukuqokelelwa, ukugcinwa, ukuhanjiswa nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma eyingozi ngokweemfuno zemithetho kunye nemigaqo kunye namasebe olawulo lwasekhaya kunye neemfuno zolawulo lwenkunkuma eyingozi yamashishini.
2. Ukuphucula inkqubo yolawulo lokusingqongileyo kwenkunkuma eyingozi
* Ukuseka inkqubo yoxanduva lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo. Amashishini aya kuseka inkqubo yoxanduva lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo ukucacisa uxanduva lomntu ophethe iyunithi kunye nabasebenzi abafanelekileyo.
* Ukuthobela inkqubo yokunika ingxelo kunye nobhaliso.Amashishini kufuneka, ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zoMbuso, enze izicwangciso zokulawulwa kwenkunkuma eyingozi.
* Qulunqa amanyathelo othintelo kunye nezicwangciso zongxamiseko zengozi Eli shishini liza kwenza amanyathelo othintelo kunye nezicwangciso zongxamiseko zengozi kwaye ziyingenise kwisebe lezolawulo elinobuchule lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo kurhulumente wabantu bengingqi okanye ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lerekhodi.
Lungiselela uqeqesho olukhethekileyo Eli shishini liza kuqeqesha abasebenzi balo ukuze liphakamise ulwazi lwabo bonke abasebenzi kulawulo lwenkunkuma eyingozi.
3. Thobela ngokungqongqo iimfuno zokuqokelela nokugcina
Indawo zokugcina inkunkuma enobungozi kunye nezikhongozeli kufuneka zibekhona. Ishishini liyakwakha indawo yokugcina inkunkuma eyingozi, okanye lingasebenzisa izakhiwo zokuqala ukwakha ezo ndawo. Ukukhethwa kwesiza kunye noyilo lwesibonelelo kufuneka sihambelane "neMigangatho yoLawulo loNgcoliseko. Ukugcinwa kweNkunkuma eyiNgozi ”(GB18597, 2013 revision) Ngaphandle kwenkunkuma eyomeleleyo enobungozi engafakwanga hydrolyzed okanye engazinzanga kubushushu begumbi kunye noxinzelelo, amashishini kufuneka abeke inkunkuma eyingozi kwizikhongozelo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho.
Iindlela zokuqokelela kunye nokugcina kunye nexesha kufuneka lihlangabezane neemfuno.Ishishini kufuneka liqokelele kwaye ligcine inkunkuma eyingozi ngokweempawu zenkunkuma eyingozi, kwaye kufuneka ithathe amanyathelo okuthintela ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Akuvunyelwe ukuqokelela kunye nokugcina inkunkuma enobungozi engahambelaniyo. Izinto ezingakhange ziphathwe kakuhle, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukugcina inkunkuma enobungozi exutywe nenkunkuma engenabungozi. Isikhongozeli, ipakethe kunye nendawo yokugcina ziya kumisela uphawu lokuchonga inkunkuma eyingozi ngokomgangatho wesizwe ofanelekileyo kunye "neMigaqo yokuPhunyezwa koMqondiso woKhuseleko lweNdalo esingqongileyo> (Isilingo) ”, kubandakanya ukuncamathisela ileyibheli okanye ukubeka uphawu lwesilumkiso, njl.
4. Thobela ngokungqongqo iimfuno zothutho
Amashishini asebenzisa izithuthi zothutho olukhethekileyo kunye nabasebenzi abakhethekileyo baya kuyithobela imimiselo kaRhulumente kulawulo lwezothutho lwezinto ezinobungozi, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukuphatha inkunkuma enobungozi kunye nabakhweli ngeendlela ezifanayo zothutho. kwaye abasebenzi abafanelekileyo baya kuyithobela imiqathango efanelekileyo yeMigaqo kuLawulo lwezoThutho lweeMpahla eziNgozi ezindleleni kunye neMigaqo kuLawulo loKhuseleko lweeKhemikhali eziyingozi. Imvume yokuSebenza yeeMpahla eziNgozi yokuThutha iya kufunyanwa ekusebenzeni kwendlela eyingozi iimpahla, kunye nephepha-mvume lokuThutha iiMpahla eziNgozi eziNdleleni ziya kufunyanwa ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwezithuthi ezinobungozi ezindleleni.
Amanyathelo othintelo, uLawulo kunye noKhuseleko lwamashishini oNgcoliseko ahambisa inkunkuma eyingozi kufuneka athathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukungcoliseka kwendalo kunye nokomeleza ulawulo nolondolozo lwezixhobo, izixhobo kunye neendawo ezisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa inkunkuma eyingozi. Ukuhanjiswa okuxutyiweyo kwenkunkuma eyingozi engahambelaniyo nongakhange ilahlwe ngokukhuselekileyo kuyakwaliwa.
Ixesha Post: Apr-21-2021